{"id":22556,"date":"2026-04-05T23:17:11","date_gmt":"2026-04-05T14:17:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/?p=22556"},"modified":"2026-04-05T23:17:15","modified_gmt":"2026-04-05T14:17:15","slug":"paradox-hosi-approval-rating-pm-xanana-nian-iha-mata-dalan-survey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/2026\/04\/05\/paradox-hosi-approval-rating-pm-xanana-nian-iha-mata-dalan-survey\/","title":{"rendered":"Paradox hosi \u00a0Approval Rating PM Xanana Nian iha Mata Dalan Survey"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

By Ato Lekinawa Costa<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Survey hosi Mata Dalan Survey and Research Institute (MDSRI) ne\u2019ebe foin publika semana hirak liu ba indika katak Approval Rating<\/em> ba Premeiru Ministru Xanana-nia lideransa mak 84%. Maski nune\u2019e survey MDRSI nian ne\u2019e la husu perguntas ho loloos. Tan saida mak sira husu ne\u2019e laos kona ba aprova ka la aprova (approval rating)<\/em> maski dokumentu laran hakerek Approval Rating. <\/em>MDSRI sira husu ne\u2019e kona ba satisfasaun respondentes nian. Ho nune\u2019e bele kumprende katak survey nia intensaun atu check fali popularidade PM Xanana nian, laos efetividade hosi lideransa PM Xanana nian iha governo da-sia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iha survey hanesan avalia katak dezempenu ministeiru saude nian iha respondentes 47% mak dehan la satisfas ho servisus saude nian kompara ho 36% mak dehan satisfas. Nune\u2019e mos iha parte agrikultura nian iha pursentazen boot mak la satisfas ho servisus (fahe trator) hosi ministeriu agrikultura nian (respondentes 35% satisfas, 29% la satisfas). Respondentes besik 50% mak hatete katak apoio ekipamentu servisus agrikultura nian la sufisiente kompara ho 21% ne\u2019ebe dehan sufisiente. Komparasaun transnasional nian bele observa iha Filipina durante tempu Presidente Rodrigo Duterte nia ukun, ho kontextu historiku no estilu lideransa ne\u2019ebe diferente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iha estudu sira kona ba komparasaun hahalok politika, anomalia ka inkonsistensia persistente mosu bainhira sidadaun sira expresa simultaneamente kona ba sira nia fiar ba lider nasional ida maibe iha tempu hanesan hatudu insatisfasaun ka la-kontente ho ministeriu sira mak lider ne\u2019e lidera. Fenomenu ida ne\u2019e dezafia relasionamentu konvensional principal-ajente<\/em> nian ka relasionamentu entre lider ka ema bo\u2019ot ne\u2019ebe rekruta membro governo ho ministru\/ministra ka membro governo ne\u2019ebe irarkiamente hatan ba lider as-liu iha governo. Iha fenomenu ida ne\u2019e iha bele tradus ba hanoin ida ne\u2019ebe mai ho pre-supostu ida katak dezempenu institusional ne\u2019ebe ladiak iha ministeriu sira bele kontribui ba redusaun konfiansa publik nian ba exekutivu principal ka lider governo nian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Personafikasaun no Atribuisaun Kulpa<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siensia politika kontemporanu nian halo distinsaun rua ba formas avalaisaun politika: apoio ba lider politiku no apoio espesifiku ba dezenpenu institusional ministeriu sira nian. Perguntas survey ne\u2019ebe halo foka ba popularidade laos ba efetividade lideransa nian. Dala barak apoio ba lider politika iha tendensia estabil no reziste hasoru failansu pulitika publika, iha sorin seluk suporta espesifiku ba politika governo nian volatile. Approval Rating<\/em> ne\u2019ebe as ba PM Xanana nian no failansu iha programa ka servisus ministeriu saude no agrikultura nian bele kumprende nudar distribuisaun ne\u2019ebe la-simetrikal hosi apoio hirak ne\u2019e. PM Xanana goza apoio ne\u2019ebe hetan iha survey hosi ninia karizma no historia, ba ministeriu sira hetan avaliasaun espesifiku ba deit sira nia dezempenamentu.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dala barak mos sidadaun sira halo atribuisaun apoio la hanesan, ba lider no ba servisus instituisaun nian. Sira ne\u2019e hotu depende ba vizibilidade, retorika lideransa, fiar ne\u2019ebe antes ne\u2019e depozita ona. Ho nune\u2019e, dala barak sidadun sira bele kontinua iha presepsaun katak lider hanesan PM Xanana ne\u2019e halo buat diak nafatin, maski ninia ministeriu sira la dezempena ho diak. Atribuisaun negative ba failansu institusional nian dala barak dirizi ba ministeriu ka burokrata nivel ki\u2019ikk sira.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kapital Historia Nudar Eskudo\/Protektor<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kultura politika iha Timor-Leste nafatin forte tebes ho influensia hosi okupasaun Indonesia durante tinan 24 no luta armada ne\u2019ebe lidera hosi FALINTIL. PM Xanana iha momentu neba, hanesan komandante rezistensia nian no tuir mai sai Prezidente dahuluk, reprezenta buat ne\u2019ebe Max Weber hatete hanesan autoridade karismatiku<\/em> ka lejitimidade ne\u2019eb\u00e9 bazeia ba qualidade pesoal ho narrativa eroiku. La hanesan autoridade burokratiku ne\u2019ebe halo serbisu bai-bain, autoridade karism\u00e1tiku la depende ba rezultadu implementasaun politika (policy)<\/em> ka programa sira. Ba parte boot hosi eleitoradu Timor-Leste nian, liuliu sira ne\u2019ebe hasoru direta okupasaun regime kolonial Soeharto nian, apoiu ba Xanana reprezenta afirmasaun ba sakrif\u00edsiu ninian, laos avaliasaun ba servisu publiku iha tempu agora nian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dadus peskiza iha Timor-Leste iha tempu balun liuba hatudu konstantamente sidadaun sira ne\u2019ebe idade liu, hela iha area rural, ho edukasaun menus, sira ne\u2019ebe liu-liu iha memoria direta kona-ba rezistensia, hatudu nivel konfiansa as-liu ba Xanana, maski sira mos relata asesu menus ba fasilidade saude no servisus agrikultura nian (The Asia Foundation, 2022).<\/em> Ida ne\u2019e hatudu katak kapital istoriku funsiona hanesan mekanizmu kognitivu ida: lider nia avaliasaun bazeia ba sofrimentu pasadu, maibe ministeriu sira avalia bazeia ba rezultadu konkretu iha tempu agora nian, maski ministru balun mos hola parte iha luta rezistensia iha pasadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vizibilidade Institusional no Lakuna Atribuisaun<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esplikasaun segundu relasiona ho autor sira nia vizibilidade institusional. Dala barak liu iha governasaun ida nia laran ministru ka ministra sira hili laos bazeia ba meritu teknokratiku, balun hili tanba involvementu sira-nia partidu iha governasaun, balun fali hetan hili tanba besik ba lider partidu boot nian, hanesan ba Xanana Gusmao. Bainhira institusaun sira la iha vizibilidade lideransa ne\u2019ebe forte, susar uituan ba sidadaun sira atu fo kulpa ba ministru ka ministra ida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paradoxikalmente, PM Xanana sempre mosu iha publik, iha atividade babain deit, ka atividade governu nian, nia mos mak sempre mosu iha publikasaun media mainstreaming no media sosial sira. Maski nune\u2019e, vizibilidade forte Xanana nian la tradus ba responsabilizasaun institusional ministeriu sira nian. Ida ne\u2019e tanba, narativu publik nian ba Xanana laos kona ba ninia lideransa iha governo da-sia ne\u2019e, maibe liga liu ho historia pasadu nian no ninia maneira halo ligasaun ho ema babain sira.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Approval rating<\/em> PM Xanana kompara ho Prezidente Duterte<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Filipina durante ukun Prezidente Rodrigo Duterte (2016\u20132022) atinji approval rating<\/em> 84% hosi Social Weather Stations<\/em> and Pulse Asia Survey.<\/em> Maski Duterte nia governasaun halo failansu barak iha servisus saude nian, agrikultura no politika komersiu nian. Maibe Duterte la iha saida mak Xanana iha, kredensial luta libertasaun nian. Duterte ninia popularidade mai hosi estilu dezenpenu populista nian, hatudu nia-an nudar mane forte mak hakarak fo kastigu ba hahalok ladiak, nudar aman ne\u2019ebe iha frustrasaun boot tan opurtunizmu sub-ordinadu sira.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bainhira haree hosi oklu teoria populizmu nian, Duterte artikula korente ekivalensia ida entre failansu institusional no nudar elite ida ne\u2019ebe serbi nia-an rasik. Ida ne\u2019e iha efeitu bainhira mosu atribuisaun kulpa. Bainhira ministeriu saude hatudu dezempenu ladiak, Duterte halo ameasa ida atu hasai tiha ema sira ne\u2019ebe responsabiliza ba servisus saude nian no nune\u2019e mos ba servisus agrikultura nian. Hahalok ne\u2019e atu hanesan ho saida mak PM Xanana halo. Rekoinese saida mak governo seidauk halo publikamente, kritika ninia governante sira, maibe nunka hatete buat ruma mak liga ho ninia lideransa ne\u2019ebe kontribui ba failansu sira mak akontese iha ministeriu saude nian, ka iha ministeriu sira seluk. Duterte ho Xanana dala barak hatudu sira nia frustrasaun ba situasaun dezenvolvimentu setor saude ne\u2019ebe lao ladiak maibe nunka hetan kulpa publik nian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Implikasaun ba Responsabilizasaun Demokratiku<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Koexistensia entre approval rating<\/em> ne\u2019ebe as no dezempenamentu institusional ne\u2019ebe ki\u2019ik aprezenta dilemma governasaun ida. Iha modelu relasionamentu principal \u2013 ajente<\/em> nian, eleisaun bele sai nudar mekanizmu hodi lori disiplina ba disparidade ne\u2019e, dezempenu ne\u2019ebe ladiak loloos ne\u2019e tenke fo impaktu ba mudansa iha lideransa. Hein katak eleisaun tuir mai, julgamenu hanesan ne\u2019e bele akontese nudar exersisiu demokrasia ida loloos. \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kontradisaun ne\u2019ebe ita haree, aprovasaun aas ba lider no atribui kulpa ba desempenhu ki\u2019ik ministeriu sira nian, bele fo sinal ida katak sidadaun sira ladun iha rasionalidade diak bainhira halo avaliasaun. Maib\u00e9 survey ne\u2019e rasik la halo ligasaun ba perguntas approval rating<\/em> nian ho servisus ministeriu sira nian. Aprovasaun 84% ba Xanana Gusm\u00e3o diak liu atu komprende hanesan apoiu jeral ne\u2019ebe mai hosi kapital istoriku, proteze ho visibilidade institusional ne\u2019eb\u00e9 ki\u2019ik hosi ministeriu sira no narrativa nasional kona-ba rezist\u00e9nsia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Filipina iha tempu Rodrigo Duterte fornese kazu kontrastu maiba hanesan uituan ho saida mak lao hela dadaun iha ita nia rai. Kontinua aproxima sidadaun sira ho maneira populismu hodi produs nivel aprovasaun aas, maski iha dis-funsaun institusional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba ema hirak ne\u2019ebe iha interese ba area politika komparativa, kazu hirak ne\u2019e hatudu importansia atu separa (disaggregate)<\/em> avaliasaun ba poder ezekutivu hosi avaliasaun ba instituisaun sira. Ba formulador politika sira, ida ne\u2019e fo alerta ida importante: lejitimidade pesoal, maski bazeia ba istoria ka dezempenamentu, la bele substitui kapasidade institusional ne\u2019ebe forte, no kontinuidade ida ne\u2019e bele atraza reforma sira ne\u2019ebe sidadaun sira presiza tebes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By Ato Lekinawa Costa Survey hosi Mata Dalan Survey and Research Institute (MDSRI) ne\u2019ebe foin publika semana hirak liu ba indika katak Approval Rating ba Premeiru Ministru Xanana-nia lideransa mak 84%. Maski nune\u2019e survey MDRSI nian ne\u2019e la husu perguntas ho loloos. Tan saida mak sira husu ne\u2019e laos kona ba aprova ka la aprova […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22321,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"amp_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analisa"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22556","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22556"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22556\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22557,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22556\/revisions\/22557"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22556"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22556"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22556"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}