{"id":8218,"date":"2021-05-03T14:07:48","date_gmt":"2021-05-03T05:07:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/?p=8218"},"modified":"2021-05-03T14:07:50","modified_gmt":"2021-05-03T05:07:50","slug":"verasidade-no-faktu-jornalizmu-ba-bem-publico-durante-periodu-propagasaun-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/2021\/05\/03\/verasidade-no-faktu-jornalizmu-ba-bem-publico-durante-periodu-propagasaun-covid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"Verasidade no Faktu Jornalizmu ba Bem P\u00fablico durante Peri\u00f3du Propagasaun COVID – 19"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Hakerek nain Alberico da Costa Junior<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Hanoin Ruma kona-ba Tema Jer\u00e1l Komemorasaun Loron Mundi\u00e1l Liberdade Imprensa 2021 \u201cInformation As a Public Good\u201d Haree husi Aspetu Jornalizmu)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iha mundu jornalizmu, m\u00eddia, liuliu jornalista sira koi\u00f1ese prins\u00edpiu jornalizmu balu atu dirije sira iha situasaun espes\u00edku hanesan hala\u2019o atividade jornal\u00edzmu iha kontestu kobertura ba eventu ka akontesimentu ruma hodi sai notisia ida. Objetivu prinsip\u00e1l jornalizmu dadauk ne\u2019e mak tane-aas umanidade no interese ema barak nian, la\u2019\u00f3s interese individuu ka interese grupu ida nian. Prins\u00edpiu jornalizmu ne\u2019eb\u00e9 jornalista sira toman ona iha sira nia serbisu di\u00e1ria mak kobre parte rua (cover both sides), independ\u00e9nsia, hato\u2019o lia-loos (verasidade), onestidade, no seluk tan. Atu kompleta prins\u00edpiu hirak ne\u2019e, presiza m\u00f3s k\u00f3digu deontol\u00f3jika ka k\u00f3digu \u00e9tika ne\u2019eb\u00e9 ninia orijin mai husi prins\u00edpiu univers\u00e1l jornalizmu ne\u2019e rasik. Aplikasaun prins\u00edpiu jornalizmu no k\u00f3digu \u00e9tika jornalizmu mak atu evita malpratika entre sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 hala\u2019o profisaun jornalista, evita jornalista sira husi uza sala profisaun, evita jornalista sira husi manipulasaun faktu kona-ba asuntu sira kontroversu no ajuda jornalista sira atu tranzmite ka hato\u2019o informasaun loloos, kredivel bazeia faktu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tika jornalizmu fahe ba rua, prim\u00e9iru area moral peso\u00e1l<\/em> ne\u2019eb\u00e9 iha ligasaun ho desizaun oinsa atu halo kobertura ba akontesimentu ida sai notisia. Ida-ne\u2019e iha ligasaun ho pol\u00edtika redasaun nian oinsa redasaun f\u00f3 orientasaun kobertura nian liga ho k\u00f3digu \u00e9tika no prins\u00edpiu jornalizmu nian. Bele ka lae jornalista ida la presiza halo konfirmasaun ba parte ruma ne\u2019eb\u00e9 sai objetu ba notisia kontroversu ida, bele ka lae jornalista ka m\u00eddia halo julgamentu (trial by the press) hasoru ema seluk iha publikasaun notisia sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 ho ninia natureza konflitu – iha kontestu ema ida akuza ema seluk? Iha atividade jornalizmu, prins\u00edpiu independ\u00e9nsia jornalizmu neses\u00e1riu tebes tamba redasaun m\u00eddia nian tenke sees husi influ\u00e9nsia, ameasa, presaun no intervesaun sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 sai husi interese p\u00fabliku nian, tantu husi m\u00eddia-na\u2019in rasik, xefe redasaun ka intervensaun sira husi liur – iha ligasaun ho intervensaun pol\u00edtika no intervensaun ekon\u00f3mika.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prins\u00edpiu onestidade iha kontestu kobertura nian, liuliu iha ligasaun ho halibur faktu sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 relasiona ho notisia neses\u00e1riu tebes. Jornalista tenke halibur faktu husi parte hotu, la\u2019\u00f3s parte ida deit nian mak jornalista ka m\u00eddia ne\u2019e kobre. Redasaun m\u00eddia ho ninia jornalista no edit\u00f3r sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 onestu sei la favotiriza parte sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 iha konflitu ne\u2019eb\u00e9 sai objetu ba notisia ne\u2019e, trata sira ho justu (fair and balance). Tansa jornalista ka m\u00eddia tenke fair no balance<\/em> hodi halo konfirmasaun ho parte seluk ne\u2019eb\u00e9 sai objetu ba notisia ida? Ho razaun atu evita p\u00fabliku halo konkluzaun sedu hasoru ema sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 sai objetu ba notisia (evita trial ba the press), razaun seluk mak atu evita potensia viol\u00e9nsia ne\u2019e karik mosu tamba kauza husi notisia ne\u2019e. Ema ne\u2019eb\u00e9 sai objetu ba notisia nia vida bele ameasadu, nune\u2019e m\u00f3s jornalista ne\u2019eb\u00e9 hakerek no m\u00eddia ne\u2019eb\u00e9 publika notisia ne\u2019e. Fair and balance reporting,<\/em> la signfika kan\u00e1l m\u00eddia ne\u2019e tenke f\u00f3 espasu naruk hanesan ba parte sira, maibe tenke asegura katak faktu no opiniaun substansi\u00e1l tenke kobre no iha hotu ona iha konte\u00fadu notisia nian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Et\u00edka iha aspetu operasion\u00e1l, konseitu ne\u2019e iha ligasaun ho area teknika. Oinsa redasaun m\u00eddia nian f\u00f3 orientasaun tuir matadalan kobertura nian. Matadalan ne\u2019e kona-ba planu kobertura nian (TOR peliputan). Planu kobertura mak sei ajuda jornalista ida atu intende no kompriende asuntu ne\u2019eb\u00e9 nia atu kobre iha kampu tamba planu refere f\u00f3 ona orientasaun kona-ba asuntu, angle<\/em>, fonte no pergunta ne\u2019eb\u00e9 iha relasaun ho asuntu ne\u2019eb\u00e9 atu kobre. M\u00eddia sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 iha kultura enkontru redasaun nian, sei orienta ninia jornalista bazeia planu kobertura ne\u2019eb\u00e9 iha, liuliu notisia sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 ho natureza investigativu no in-depth reporting. Notisia sira ser\u00edmoni\u00e1l laiha problema tamba kestaun teknolojia, entau dalaruma xefe redasaun orienta deit jornalista ne\u2019e iha grupu chatting m\u00eddia nian, nune\u2019e jornalista diretamente ba halo kobertura iha tere\u00f1u. Maib\u00e9, antes atu ba kampu jornalista tenke iha informasaun in\u00edsiu kona-ba asuntu ne\u2019eb\u00e9 nia atu kobre, nune\u2019e nia bele elabora no prepara pergunta revelante sira.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iha teoria jornalizmu, ita ku\u00f1ese termu simulacra <\/em>ka hiper-realidade (hiper-realitas) katak m\u00eddia rasik mak kria realidade ida la bazeia ba faktu, maib\u00e9 bazeia deit ba ema-boot sira nia deklarasaun no jornalista nia asumsaun rasik. Jornalista ka m\u00eddia halo deklrasaun fonte nian sai realidade (membuat sesuatu yang baru dalam tahap pernyataan menjadi suatu kenyataan). Ida-ne\u2019e akontese iha peri\u00f3du 1970 bainhira Prezidente Indon\u00e9zia, Soeharto halo deklarasaun ida katak nasaun Indon\u00e9zia livre ona husi anlfabetizasaun (bebas buta huruf). Ho ajudu m\u00eddia nian iha tempu ne\u2019eb\u00e1, Prezidente Soeharto nia deklrasaun ne\u2019eb\u00e9 ohin sei iha n\u00edvel deklrasaun (tahap pernyataan) sai tiha realidade (menjadi kenyataan). Aat-liu mak m\u00eddia sira iha tempu ne\u2019eb\u00e1 nunka halo konfirmasaun ho populasaun Indon\u00e9zia ne\u2019eb\u00e9 tokon ba tokon sei unalfabetu ka buta huruf hela. Presiza reko\u00f1ese m\u00f3s katak iha Rezime Orde Baru nia okos jornalista no m\u00eddia sira, la\u2019\u00f3s deit kria simulacra<\/em> bazeia ba ema-boot sira nia deklarasaun sira, maib\u00e9 m\u00f3s hamosu diskursu (wacana) foun, kriasaun ko\u00f1esimentu falsa no lia-bosok iha komunidade nia leet ne\u2019eb\u00e9 ko\u00f1esidu ho pseudosophy <\/em>(Stanley, 2000).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oinsa ho kontestu jornalizmu iha peri\u00f3du propagasaun virus korona (COVID \u2013 19 no impase pol\u00edtika iha railaran)? Karik notisia sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 m\u00eddia hato\u2019o sai nu\u2019udar bem publico<\/em> (Information as a public good), katak notisia ne\u2019eb\u00e9 hato\u2019o ne\u2019e ba p\u00fabliku nia di\u2019ak? Ita bele haree notisia balu ne\u2019eb\u00e9 m\u00eddia publika, hanesan notisia kona-ba Aviaun Air North tula OJE 2021 no tula osan operasion\u00e1l Banco Central nian.\u201d Notisia ne\u2019e la aprezenta faktu ruma bainhira ita le\u2019e konte\u00fadu tomak husi notisia ne\u2019e tamba laiha fonte ka dokumentu ruma mak dehan aviaun ne\u2019e tula duni OJE ka osan operasion\u00e1l, maib\u00e9 ida-ne\u2019e nu\u2019udar pr\u00e1tika simulacra<\/em> iha produtu jornal\u00edstiku laran tamba jornalista kria realidade rasik bazeia deit ba ninia asumsaun, la\u2019\u00f3s realidade loloos. Seluk-fali jornalista m\u00f3s la kompriende loloos saida mak OJE ne\u2019e tamba OJE ne\u2019e nu\u2019udar kuantifikasaun planu governu nian ne\u2019eb\u00e9 nia fundu ne\u2019e mai husi fundu petroliferu, reseita domestika no seluk-tan, la\u2019\u00f3s ho forma osan tahan ka osan besi (Juvinal Diaz, 2021). Tan-ne\u2019e notisia ne\u2019e la ajuda fasilita sidadaun sira atu asesu ba informasaun loloos no kredivel iha situasaun inserteze nia laran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ezemplu seluk mak notisia kona-ba matebian Armindo Borges ne\u2019eb\u00e9 sai pol\u00e9mika boot iha p\u00fabliku nia leet tamba konsege doko pa\u00eds ne\u2019e no kria situasaun la hakmatek. Pro no kontra mosu entre Sentru Integradu Jestaun Krize (SIJK) no Parte Lider Prominente Xanana Gusm\u00e3o nom\u00f3s matebian nia familia kona-ba kauza husi Borges nia mate. Iha situasaun ne\u2019e jornalista ka m\u00eddia la konsege f\u00f3 informasaun loloos ba p\u00fabliku kona-ba kauza loloos husi Borges nia mate. Notisia sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 p\u00fablika kuaze hato\u2019o deit koment\u00e1riu husi parte familia no Xanana nian katak Borges mate, la\u2019\u00f3s tamba COVID \u2013 19, maib\u00e9 mate tamba moras kr\u00f3niku seluk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iha parte ne\u2019e, m\u00eddia la hato\u2019o kauza ne\u2019eb\u00e9 parte m\u00e9diku ka SIJK hato\u2019o ne\u2019eb\u00e9 bazeia ba rezultadu testu laborat\u00f3riu (ma\u00eds sientifika) katak Borges Mate ho COVID \u2013 19, maske nune\u2019e parte SIJK m\u00f3s reku\u00f1ese katak antes infetadu ho COVID \u2013 19, nia m\u00f3s sofre hela moras kroniku seluk. Entau, verasidade ka lia-loos husi kauza Borges nia mate mai husi parte ida deit (kebenaran sepihak, bukan kebenaran jurnalisme), tuir pr\u00e1tika jornalizmu nian, jornalista no m\u00eddia viola ona K\u00f3digu \u00c9tika Jornalizmu no la tuir prins\u00edpiu jornalizmu fair and balance reporting<\/em> tamba la halo konfirmasaun ho SIJK kona-ba kazu ne\u2019e. Notisia hirak ne\u2019e m\u00f3s la tau context no background<\/em> kona-ba risku ema ho moras komplikadu ka moras kroniku ida pozitivu COVID \u2013 19 bazeia esplikasaun m\u00e9diku nian, entau difisil atu f\u00f3 kompri\u00e9nsaun di\u2019ak ba p\u00fabliku ka sidadaun sira atu halo prevensaun ba virus ne\u2019e.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iha produtu jornal\u00edstika ida, iha elementu notisia tolu mak tenke mosu; prim\u00e9iru mak faktu, segundu mak rezultadu entrevista no terseiru mak dadus. Entrevista;<\/strong> tenke inklui fonte oinoin no kompetente, la\u2019\u00f3s fonte ida deit (single source), s\u00e1tan ho asuntu kontroversu hanesan Borges nia mate, tenke evita fonte pol\u00edtiku sira atu labele politiza kazu ne\u2019e. Faktu;<\/strong> jornalista no m\u00eddia tenke hatudu faktu, pur ezemplu  notisia dehan Borges mate la\u2019\u00f3s tamba COVID \u2013 19, iha parte ne\u2019e m\u00eddia tenke prova ho faktu konkretu ho teste m\u00e9diku ka deklarasaun ruma husi m\u00e9diku sira, la\u2019\u00f3s deklarasaun ka koment\u00e1riu husi fonte sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 la kompetente. Visa versa bainhira notisia ida dehan ema ida mate tamba COVID \u2013 19, m\u00eddia tenke hatudu faktu ho prova rezultadu teste laboratoriu no deklarasaun husi m\u00e9diku sira, la\u2019\u00f3s deklrasaun mamuk husi fonte pol\u00edtku sira ka fonte ne\u2019eb\u00e9 la kompetente. Nune\u2019e m\u00f3s kona-ba dadus<\/strong>, iha parte ne\u2019e, m\u00eddia tenke tau context no backgorund<\/em> loloos kona-ba asuntu COVID \u2013 19 ho refer\u00e9nsia sira mai-husi m\u00e9diku no si\u00e9ntista sira ne\u2019eb\u00e9 iha ko\u00f1esimentu kona-ba virus ne\u2019e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tau notisia nia context ho backgorund <\/em>ho loloos iha kontestu kobertura COVID \u2013 19, bele f\u00f3 kompriensaun kona-ba prosesu oinsa COVID \u2013 19 infeta ema, ninia sintoma no nia risku sira nom\u00f3s oinsa ninia prevensaun no aimoruk saida mak nia tenke hemu. Kuaze notisia hotuhotu, tantu jorn\u00e1l, r\u00e1diu, televizaun no online <\/em>kona-ba COVID – 19, p\u00fabliku la hetan context no background<\/em> loloos, ho onestu no kompletu. Notisia sira kona-ba COVID – 19 ne\u2019e informa deit (informativu), maib\u00e9 la f\u00f3 kompri\u00e9nsaun di\u2019ak ba p\u00fabliku atu halo prevansaun. Entau, iha prosesu sala redasaun nian jornalista no edit\u00f3r tenke asegura rezultadu entrevista, faktu no dadus ho looos ho onestu ho ninia kapasidade tomak, nune\u2019e notisia ne\u2019e kompletu atu bele to\u2019o iha objetivu loloos jornalizmu nian, liuliu ba p\u00fabliku nia di\u2019ak hanesan haktuir iha tema jer\u00e1l Loron Mundi\u00e1l Liberdade Imprensa 2021, \u201cInformation as a Public Good\u2019 tamba notisia nu\u2019udar produtu \u201cintelektu\u00e1l\u201d la\u2019\u00f3s propaganda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*(Artigu ne\u2019e la reprezenta instituisaun ne\u2019eb\u00e9 hakerek-nain haknaar-an ba)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hakerek nain Alberico da Costa Junior (Hanoin Ruma kona-ba Tema Jer\u00e1l Komemorasaun Loron Mundi\u00e1l Liberdade Imprensa 2021 \u201cInformation As a Public Good\u201d Haree husi Aspetu Jornalizmu) Iha mundu jornalizmu, m\u00eddia, liuliu jornalista sira koi\u00f1ese prins\u00edpiu jornalizmu balu atu dirije sira iha situasaun espes\u00edku hanesan hala\u2019o atividade jornal\u00edzmu iha kontestu kobertura ba eventu ka akontesimentu ruma […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8219,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"amp_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analisa"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8218"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8218\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8220,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8218\/revisions\/8220"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8219"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neonmetin.info\/buletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}